{"id":4505,"date":"2025-11-05T11:12:00","date_gmt":"2025-11-05T11:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lp.szlogic.cn\/knowledge-center\/common-network-issues-data-link-layer-solutions\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T05:33:20","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T05:33:20","slug":"common-network-issues-data-link-layer-solutions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/knowledge-center\/common-network-issues-data-link-layer-solutions","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf t\u1ea7ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"712\" src=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/1c7cf6305eb24d878df017761ba1ff5f.webp\" alt=\"Common Network Issues at the Data Link Layer\" class=\"wp-image-4503\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/1c7cf6305eb24d878df017761ba1ff5f.webp 1200w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/1c7cf6305eb24d878df017761ba1ff5f-300x178.webp 300w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/1c7cf6305eb24d878df017761ba1ff5f-1024x608.webp 1024w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/1c7cf6305eb24d878df017761ba1ff5f-768x456.webp 768w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/1c7cf6305eb24d878df017761ba1ff5f-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>L\u1edbp Li\u00ean k\u1ebft D\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong> (L\u1edbp 2 c\u1ee7a <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/glossary\/open-system-interconnect-osi-model-seven-layers-networking\/\"><strong>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI<\/strong><\/a>) l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f9ng th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u00f3ng vai c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c bit v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u00f4 v\u00e0 l\u1edbp m\u1ea1ng logic \u1edf tr\u00ean, l\u1edbp n\u00e0y ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c giao d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb n\u00fat n\u00e0y sang n\u00fat kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 khung v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u1ed7i. Khi l\u1edbp n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng tr\u01a1n tru. C\u00f2n khi n\u00f3 g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u00f3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf L\u1edbp Li\u00ean k\u1ebft D\u1eef li\u1ec7u, cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt l\u00fd, nh\u01b0 <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.l-p.com\/store-25432-optics-transceivers-sfp-modules.htm\"><strong>b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t quang<\/strong><\/a>, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.link-pp.com\/\"><strong>LINK-PP<\/strong><\/a>\u2018c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a , c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 cho \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udd27 Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a L\u1edbp Li\u00ean k\u1ebft D\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng \u00f4n l\u1ea1i nhanh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a L\u1edbp Li\u00ean k\u1ebft D\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Hai ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n Li\u00ean k\u1ebft Logic (LLC):<\/strong> Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 khung, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n lu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ed7i.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n Truy c\u1eadp Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n (MAC):<\/strong> X\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>\u0110\u00f3ng khung (Framing):<\/strong> \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb l\u1edbp m\u1ea1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c khung.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>\u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadt l\u00fd:<\/strong> Th\u00eam \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i khung.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u1ed7i:<\/strong> Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 <strong>CRC (Ki\u1ec3m tra d\u01b0 th\u1eeba v\u00f2ng)<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u00fat g\u1eedi kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i n\u00fat nh\u1eadn.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udd27 C\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf L\u1edbp Li\u00ean k\u1ebft D\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 lan r\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf L\u1edbp 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udd37 Tr\u00e0n b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch m\u1ea1ng duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t <strong>MAC<\/strong> b\u1ea3ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC t\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho vi\u1ec7c <strong>chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp khung d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1:<\/strong> Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c do thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh sai, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u00e0n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC gi\u1ea3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb truy c\u1eadp theo n\u1ed9i dung (CAM) c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng:<\/strong> Khi b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7y, b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc th\u00eam c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 m\u1edbi. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 t\u1eadp trung (hub), ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng suy gi\u1ea3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng <strong>hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ng<\/strong>, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u1edbn do d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb quan s\u00e1t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ng.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udd37 Dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC li\u00ean t\u1ee5c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh gi\u1eefa hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1:<\/strong> Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 do <strong>v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p L\u1edbp 2<\/strong> trong m\u1ea1ng (khi Giao th\u1ee9c C\u00e2y Khung (STP) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh sai ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb t\u1eaft) ho\u1eb7c do card giao di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1ng (NIC) b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng:<\/strong> B\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n, m\u1ea5t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ng\u1eaft qu\u00e3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CPU cao tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd <strong>hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC<\/strong> l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udd37 Sai l\u1ec7ch ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 duplex<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 duplex to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi), trong khi \u0111\u1ea7u kia l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 duplex b\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n (ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m). C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (auto-negotiation), nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f4i khi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn sai l\u1ec7ch n\u00e0y.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng:<\/strong> K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c <strong>va ch\u1ea1m mu\u1ed9n (late collisions)<\/strong> v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i chu\u1ed7i ki\u1ec3m tra khung (FCS) m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e3n t\u00ednh, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 k\u00e9m v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udd37 S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh VLAN v\u00e0 gh\u00e9p k\u00eanh (trunking)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/glossary\/vlan-network-segmentation-security-management-basics\/\"><strong>M\u1ea1ng LAN \u1ea3o (VLAN)<\/strong><\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u1edf L\u1edbp 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c g\u00e1n VLAN sai tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh gh\u00e9p k\u00eanh (trunk) kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: thi\u1ebfu VLAN c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft tr\u00ean li\u00ean k\u1ebft trunk) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng:<\/strong> C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u00fang n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch v\u1eadt l\u00fd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn khi <strong>ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i VLAN<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udd37 L\u1ed7i khung: CRC, Giants v\u00e0 Runts<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>L\u1edbp Li\u00ean k\u1ebft D\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong> ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng khung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>L\u1ed7i CRC:<\/strong> Do va ch\u1ea1m ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u00e2y ra, l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng khung v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m tra CRC th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Khung s\u1ebd b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3:<\/strong> C\u00e1c khung v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i \u0111a (MTU).<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00f9n:<\/strong> C\u00e1c khung nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, th\u01b0\u1eddng do va ch\u1ea1m g\u00e2y ra.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng:<\/strong> T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf l\u1edbp v\u1eadt l\u00fd (d\u00e2y c\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i) ho\u1eb7c sai l\u1ec7ch ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 duplex, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ng ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 tra c\u1ee9u nhanh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh<\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>Tr\u00e0n b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>B\u1ea3ng CAM b\u1ecb tr\u00e0n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC gi\u1ea3<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, vi ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>Dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p L\u1edbp 2 ho\u1eb7c NIC b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>M\u1ea5t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ng\u1eaft qu\u00e3ng, b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>Sai l\u1ec7ch ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 duplex<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp sai t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9\/ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 duplex<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Va ch\u1ea1m mu\u1ed9n, l\u1ed7i FCS, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t k\u00e9m<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh VLAN sai<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u1ed5ng ho\u1eb7c trunk kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong c\u00f9ng VLAN kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>L\u1ed7i khung qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>D\u00e2y c\u00e1p l\u1ed7i, nhi\u1ec5u, sai l\u1ec7ch ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 duplex<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>M\u1ea5t g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1eadm<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udd27 B\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t quang: M\u1ed9t m\u1eaft x\u00edch then ch\u1ed1t trong chu\u1ed7i li\u00ean k\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua, <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.l-p.com\/store-25432-optics-transceivers-sfp-modules.htm\"><strong>b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t quang<\/strong><\/a> (ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4-\u0111un) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt l\u00fd thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a L\u1edbp Li\u00ean k\u1ebft D\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 giao di\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 s\u1ee3i quang. M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"719\" src=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/d071a6999b424e728eaa2d494e076b8f.jpg\" alt=\"optical transceiver\" class=\"wp-image-4504\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/d071a6999b424e728eaa2d494e076b8f.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/d071a6999b424e728eaa2d494e076b8f-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/d071a6999b424e728eaa2d494e076b8f-1024x614.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/d071a6999b424e728eaa2d494e076b8f-768x460.jpg 768w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/d071a6999b424e728eaa2d494e076b8f-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t k\u00e9m g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u1edf L\u1edbp Li\u00ean k\u1ebft D\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Cao<br> <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/glossary\/understanding-what-is-bit-error-rate\/\"><strong>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 L\u1ed7i Bit (BER)<\/strong><\/a><strong>:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t suy gi\u1ea3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i v\u00e0o t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, d\u1eabn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c <strong>l\u1ed7i CRC v\u00e0 FCS<\/strong> m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y \u1edf L\u1edbp Li\u00ean k\u1ebft D\u1eef li\u1ec7u. B\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c khung b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Suy gi\u1ea3m t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft ng\u1eaft qu\u00e3ng:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t laser y\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u201cl\u1eadt\u201d \u2014 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1eadt\/t\u1eaft. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u00e2y h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn <strong>hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC<\/strong> v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn khi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh h\u00e3ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a k\u00e9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ngay c\u1ea3 khi th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u00fang.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao: Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p LINK-PP<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t quang ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.link-pp.com\/\"><strong>LINK-PP<\/strong><\/a> s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1t b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n MSA, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng, l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba <strong>th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng do l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5, <strong>LINK-PP <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.l-p.com\/products\/475415.htm\"><strong>SFP-10G-SR<br><\/strong><\/a> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4-\u0111un 10GBASE-SR hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho s\u1ee3i quang \u0111a mode. N\u00f3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/glossary\/ddm-dom-in-optical-transceivers\/\"><strong>gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 (DDM)<\/strong><\/a> n\u00e2ng cao, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t quang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 <strong>gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec m\u1ea1ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1edbm m\u1ed9t m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111ang suy gi\u1ea3m <em>tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi<\/em> tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i lan r\u1ed9ng \u1edf L\u1edbp Li\u00ean k\u1ebft D\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udd27 C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1eb9o kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba lu\u00f4n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng L\u1edbp Li\u00ean k\u1ebft D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>T\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng Giao th\u1ee9c C\u00e2y Bao tr\u00f9m (STP):<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o STP (ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 nhanh h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u01b0 RSTP\/MSTP) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1edf L\u1edbp 2.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt C\u1ed5ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ed5ng tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u00e0n b\u1ea3ng MAC.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong> Tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 l\u00fd do c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 duplex. N\u1ebfu b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp gi\u1ed1ng nhau \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch VLAN c\u1ee7a B\u1ea1n:<\/strong> Duy tr\u00ec t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 ID VLAN, t\u00ean VLAN v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh sai l\u1ec7ch c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea Giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i CRC, va ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0 khung b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf. S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m h\u00e0ng gi\u1edd kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, t\u1eeb c\u00e1p, b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t quang t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p uy t\u00edn nh\u01b0 <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.link-pp.com\/\"><strong>LINK-PP<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udd27 K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>L\u1edbp Li\u00ean k\u1ebft D\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong> t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u2014 t\u1eeb <strong>MAC<\/strong> m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t \u2014 l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udd27 C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p (FAQ)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >L\u1edbp Li\u00ean k\u1ebft D\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng L\u1edbp Li\u00ean k\u1ebft D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng. L\u1edbp n\u00e0y ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chia s\u1ebb m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp duplex?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>H\u00e3y ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm, g\u00f3i tin b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i tr\u00ean c\u1ed5ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp duplex \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u00e0y.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >T\u1ea1i sao x\u1ea3y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC x\u1ea3y ra khi hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi t\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sai. Lu\u00f4n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0o gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ng \u1edf L\u1edbp 2?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5<\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Wireshark<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch g\u00f3i tin<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>M\u00e1y ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1p<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1p<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>T\u00ecm l\u1ed7i c\u1ed5ng<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ng \u1edf t\u1ea7ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, bao g\u1ed3m va ch\u1ea1m khung, xung \u0111\u1ed9t MAC v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i ARP, nh\u1eb1m duy tr\u00ec k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4503,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[24,26],"class_list":["post-4505","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-knowledge-center","tag-link-pp","tag-optics-transceivers"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4505","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4505"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4505\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10933,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4505\/revisions\/10933"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4503"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4505"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4505"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4505"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}