{"id":4466,"date":"2025-11-08T11:12:00","date_gmt":"2025-11-08T11:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lp.szlogic.cn\/knowledge-center\/silicon-photonic-modulators-vs-traditional-optical-modulators\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T05:22:10","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T05:22:10","slug":"silicon-photonic-modulators-vs-traditional-optical-modulators","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/knowledge-center\/silicon-photonic-modulators-vs-traditional-optical-modulators","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ed9 \u0110i\u1ec1u Bi\u1ebfn Quang \u0110i\u1ec7n Silicon So V\u1edbi B\u1ed9 \u0110i\u1ec1u Bi\u1ebfn Quang H\u1ecdc Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Silicon<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd39 Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang<\/strong><\/a> \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng quang s\u1ee3i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n then ch\u1ed1t m\u00e0 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quang<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n qua s\u1ee3i quang. Khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c 400G v\u00e0 800G, m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean silicon (B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf Si-Ph)<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang kh\u1ed1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean silicon l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao ch\u00fang \u0111ang l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t quang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd39 B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang<\/strong><\/a> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng\u2014th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9, pha ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/strong>\u2014theo ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n.M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00ean s\u00f3ng mang \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng<\/strong>, cho ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 qua s\u1ee3i quang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec7n-quang<\/strong> LPJK9036AHNL niobat liti (LiNbO\u2083)<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n d\u1eabn h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 InP<\/strong> or GaAs<\/strong>. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Pockels<\/strong>, trong \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp thay \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ebft quang, cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd39 B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean silicon l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean silicon<\/strong> t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean m\u1ed9t chip silicon<\/strong>, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch CMOS<\/strong> Thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Pockels, silicon s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n plasma do h\u1ea1t t\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 do<\/strong>, trong \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eam ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t t\u1ea3i l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ebft quang c\u1ee7a silicon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u00edch h\u1ee3p quang quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn<\/strong> trong trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, Truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn tr\u01b0\u1edbc (fronthaul) 5G<\/a>, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i AI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Main<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean silicon ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n

  1. B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf Mach\u2013Zehnder (MZM)<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng giao thoa gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch pha th\u00f4ng qua t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n, n\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.\u2192 H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 100 Gbps m\u1ed7i k\u00eanh.<\/p><\/li>

  2. B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00f2ng (RR)<\/strong>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed3ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00ecnh v\u00f2ng nh\u1ecf, d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng khi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p thay \u0111\u1ed5i.\u2192 K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p.<\/p><\/li>

  3. B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n (EAM)<\/strong>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n.\u2192 \u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhanh v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p cao.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \ud83d\udd39 Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh: B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean silicon so v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n<\/colgroup>

    Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/strong><\/p><\/th>

    B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean silicon<\/strong><\/p><\/th>

    B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/a><\/p><\/th><\/tr>

    V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

    Silic (Si), SiO\u2082<\/p><\/td>

    LiNbO\u2083, InP, GaAs<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

    C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

    Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t t\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 do<\/p><\/td>

    Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n-quang (Pockels)<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

    S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

    T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch CMOS, d\u1ec5 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/p><\/td>

    Quy tr\u00ecnh quang t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

    K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc & C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

    Nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p<\/p><\/td>

    K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

    D\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

    >100 GHz (khi t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n)<\/p><\/td>

    \u0110\u1ed9 tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

    T\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

    D\u1ec5 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng g\u00f3i v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ed1t quang<\/p><\/td>

    Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

    Cost<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

    Th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/p><\/td>

    Cao h\u01a1n, quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

    Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

    Trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i AI\/ML, li\u00ean k\u1ebft kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn<\/p><\/td>

    Vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa, qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \ud83d\udd39 V\u00ec sao b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean silicon l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Khi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi quang h\u1ecdc t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng g\u00f3i (CPO)<\/strong><\/a> and ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean chiplet<\/strong>, b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf quang t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean silicon mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf then ch\u1ed1t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n