{"id":4182,"date":"2025-09-27T11:12:00","date_gmt":"2025-09-27T11:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lp.szlogic.cn\/glossary\/extinction-ratio-importance-signal-quality-data-reliability\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T06:39:25","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T06:39:25","slug":"extinction-ratio-importance-signal-quality-data-reliability","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/glossary\/extinction-ratio-importance-signal-quality-data-reliability","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft (ER) l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1312\" height=\"736\" src=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/f07b9ed2b09748238226a42b4a90c230.webp\" alt=\"What is Extinction Ratio and Why Does It Matter\" class=\"wp-image-4180\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/f07b9ed2b09748238226a42b4a90c230.webp 1312w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/f07b9ed2b09748238226a42b4a90c230-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/f07b9ed2b09748238226a42b4a90c230-1024x574.webp 1024w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/f07b9ed2b09748238226a42b4a90c230-768x431.webp 768w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/f07b9ed2b09748238226a42b4a90c230-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1312px) 100vw, 1312px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quang h\u1ecdc s\u1ee3i, <strong>t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft m\u1edf (extinction ratio)<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u\u2014ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n n\u00f3. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft (extinction ratio), l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao n\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i bit (bit error rate) trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng quang, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a module quang. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c m\u1eb9o th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.link-pp.com\/\"><strong>LINK-PP<\/strong><\/a>\u2019c\u00e1c module quang hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao c\u1ee7a <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.l-p.com\/store-25432-optics-transceivers-sfp-modules.htm\"><strong>module quang<br><\/strong><\/a>. D\u00f9 b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udcdd Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1edb ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p><strong>T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft<\/strong> cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o. T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 cao h\u01a1n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft h\u01a1n.<\/p><\/li><li><p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau: C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t (B\u1eadt) chia cho C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t (T\u1eaft). Con s\u1ed1 c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p><\/li><li><p>T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft cao gi\u00fap h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba sai s\u00f3t khi truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/p><\/li><li><p>Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n lu\u00f4n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p><\/li><li><p>Trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 quang h\u1ecdc s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 laser, t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft cao ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u di chuy\u1ec3n nhanh v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb r\u00f5 n\u00e9t.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udcdd Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng quang, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb logic \u201c1\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1edfi m\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cao, c\u00f2n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb logic \u201c0\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1edfi m\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. <strong>t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft m\u1edf (extinction ratio)<\/strong> t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft <strong><em>ER = P\u2081 \/ P\u2080<\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1px;\">\u200b\u200b<\/span>, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ed5i sang \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb decibel (dB). T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u00e0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ed7i\u2014h\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh: t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n s\u1eafc n\u00e9t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec sao th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng? Trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c 5G (5G backhaul) ho\u1eb7c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft k\u00e9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gia t\u0103ng <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/glossary\/understanding-what-is-bit-error-rate\/\"><strong>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i bit (BER)<\/strong><\/a>, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i bit <strong>truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng quang s\u1ee3i<\/strong> hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn. Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh, t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft tr\u00ean 10 dB th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, tuy nhi\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1312\" height=\"736\" src=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/c7901be8462348018d6a5978d2fc1bac.webp\" alt=\"Extinction ratio (ER)\" class=\"wp-image-4181\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/c7901be8462348018d6a5978d2fc1bac.webp 1312w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/c7901be8462348018d6a5978d2fc1bac-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/c7901be8462348018d6a5978d2fc1bac-1024x574.webp 1024w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/c7901be8462348018d6a5978d2fc1bac-768x431.webp 768w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/c7901be8462348018d6a5978d2fc1bac-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1312px) 100vw, 1312px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udcdd V\u00ec sao t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao n\u00f3 \u0111ang l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cn\u00f3ng\u201d trong <strong>k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quang h\u1ecdc<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i bit<\/strong>: T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft th\u1ea5p l\u00e0m m\u1edd ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c bit \u201c1\u201d v\u00e0 \u201c0\u201d, khi\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 thu di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i sai t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng <strong>BER<\/strong>, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i bit <strong>truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn d\u00e0i<\/strong>, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c suy gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u0169y theo kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong>: T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft cao h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t laser l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y, cho ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa h\u01a1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng\u2014m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t trong <strong>trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xanh<\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf<\/strong>: C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/glossary\/what-is-pam4-four-level-pulse-amplitude-modulation-basics\/\"><strong>PAM4<\/strong><\/a> PAM4 (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong Ethernet 400G) y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u. Khi m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft c\u0169ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda, h\u00e3y xem b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>25Gbps<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh (dB)<\/strong><\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><strong>Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea7m ng\u1eafn<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>10 Gbps<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>8 \u2013 10 dB<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng t\u1ea7m xa<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>100 Gbps<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>12 \u2013 15 dB<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Suy hao t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u theo kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc (front-haul) kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y 5G<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>25 Gbps<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>10 \u2013 12 dB<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nhi\u1ec5u<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u00e1ch nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft t\u0103ng l\u00ean c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia, vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a <strong>t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng quang h\u1ecdc<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udcdd \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00fd quang h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i bit (BER tester) \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh <strong><em>P\u2081 v\u00e0 P\u2080<\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 1px;\">\u200b\u200b<\/span>. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/strong>: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh sai s\u1ed1.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong>: C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a laser c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c module gi\u00fap \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y.<\/p><\/li><li><p style=\"margin: 0px;\"><strong>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/strong>: \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n thi\u00ean \u00e1p (bias current) cho laser c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udcdd Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft trong module quang<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.l-p.com\/store-25432-optics-transceivers-sfp-modules.htm\"><strong>M\u00f4-\u0111un quang<\/strong><\/a> Module quang (ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t) <strong>b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t quang<\/strong>, t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1eaft (eye diagram) r\u00f5 n\u00e9t h\u01a1n\u2014\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ef1c quan v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.link-pp.com\/\"><strong>LINK-PP<\/strong><\/a> LINK-PP n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt. L\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean phong trong <strong>c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un quang hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao<\/strong>, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c module quang <strong>LINK-PP <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.l-p.com\/products\/476095.htm\"><strong>LS-SM3125-40C<\/strong><\/a> module quang LINK-PP LR4 <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/knowledge-center\/data-center-interconnect-definition-benefits-and-role-of-optical-modules\/\"><strong>k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DCI)<\/strong><\/a> c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n xa <strong>c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft trong b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t<\/strong> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, LINK-PP t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o <strong>kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c module quang<\/strong> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch. Khi ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t module, h\u00e3y lu\u00f4n x\u00e1c minh th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft (extinction ratio)\u2014\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udcdd K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft (ER)<\/strong> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt; \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a m\u1edf ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng quang h\u1ecdc b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9. T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p. Khi b\u1ea1n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, h\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.link-pp.com\/optics-transceivers\"><strong>c\u00e1c module quang LINK-PP<\/strong><\/a> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udcdd FAQ<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft th\u1ea5p khi\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u201cb\u1eadt\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eaft\u201d. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7i h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng b\u1ed9 d\u00f2 quang (photodetector), dao \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00fd (oscilloscope) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c (polarizer). Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n quan s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u201cb\u1eadt\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eaft\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>M\u1eb9o: Lu\u00f4n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec g\u00e2y ra vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n, \u1ed1ng k\u00ednh b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft. H\u00e3y v\u1ec7 sinh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p>Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft t\u1ed1t ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang h\u1ecdc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t khi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 10 dB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>L\u01b0u \u00fd: Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt l\u1ed7i h\u01a1n.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1ecf qua t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i, cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t sinh l\u1ed7i. Lu\u00f4n ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f5 n\u00e9t c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i. T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 t\u1eaft cao \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4180,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[24,26],"class_list":["post-4182","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-glossary","tag-link-pp","tag-optics-transceivers"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4182","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4182"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4182\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11055,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4182\/revisions\/11055"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4180"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4182"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4182"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4182"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}