{"id":4087,"date":"2025-11-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-11-13T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lp.szlogic.cn\/knowledge-center\/lsr-and-ler-mpls-network-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T05:09:15","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T05:09:15","slug":"lsr-and-ler-mpls-network-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/knowledge-center\/lsr-and-ler-mpls-network-guide","title":{"rendered":"B\u00ean trong MPLS: B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn bi\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n nh\u00e3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng MPLS (Chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch nh\u00e3n \u0111a giao th\u1ee9c)<\/strong><\/a> m\u1ea1ng, C\u00e1c B\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ecbnh Tuy\u1ebfn Chuy\u1ec3n Nh\u00e3n (LSR)<\/strong> and C\u00e1c B\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ecbnh Tuy\u1ebfn Bi\u00ean Nh\u00e3n (LER)<\/strong> t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 m\u1ea1ng, chuy\u00ean gia t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a lu\u1ed3ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ef1c thi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (QoS) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2705 LSR v\u00e0 LER l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Label<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u25b7 B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch nh\u00e3n (LSR)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t LSR<\/strong> l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn MPLS l\u00f5i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp g\u00f3i tin ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n<\/strong>, thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t C\u01a1 S\u1edf Th\u00f4ng Tin Chuy\u1ec3n Ti\u1ebfp Nh\u00e3n (LFIB)<\/strong>, LSR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o l\u1ea5y nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 g\u1eedi g\u00f3i tin t\u1edbi n\u00fat ti\u1ebfp theo \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

LSR l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u00fat trung gian<\/strong> trong m\u1ed9t \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Chuy\u1ec3n Nh\u00e3n (LSP)<\/a>, cho ph\u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp g\u00f3i tin nhanh, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25b7 B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn bi\u00ean nh\u00e3n (LER)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t LER<\/strong> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i r\u00eca m\u1ea1ng MPLS, x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u00e0 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi m\u1ea1ng<\/strong>. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n

  1. LER nh\u1eadp:<\/strong> G\u00e1n nh\u00e3n MPLS cho c\u00e1c g\u00f3i tin IP \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o (\u0110\u1eb7t nh\u00e3n).<\/p><\/li>

  2. LER xu\u1ea5t:<\/strong> Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u00e3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp g\u00f3i tin t\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00edch (Th\u00e1o nh\u00e3n).<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    LER c\u0169ng duy tr\u00ec th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed1 IP sang nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi LSR th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 LDP (Giao th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nh\u00e3n)<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2705 C\u00e1ch LSR v\u00e0 LER ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \"Label<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    M\u1ea1ng MPLS th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp g\u00f3i tin:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n\n<\/colgroup>

    Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/p><\/th>

    Vai tr\u00f2<\/p><\/th>

    Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/p><\/th><\/tr>

    LER nh\u1eadp<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

    \u0110i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o<\/p><\/td>

    Th\u00eam nh\u00e3n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c g\u00f3i tin IP<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

    LSR l\u00f5i<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

    N\u00fat chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp<\/p><\/td>

    Ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp g\u00f3i tin d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng tin chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp nh\u00e3n (LFIB)<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

    LER xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

    \u0110i\u1ec3m ra<\/p><\/td>

    Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng IP \u0111\u00edch<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p x\u1eed l\u00fd g\u00f3i tin nhanh h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3<\/strong> so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn IP truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong> and ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (QoS)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2705 \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a LSR v\u00e0 LER<\/h2>\n\n\n\n