{"id":3991,"date":"2025-10-22T11:12:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-22T11:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lp.szlogic.cn\/glossary\/plc-programmable-logic-controller-for-industrial-automation-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T06:03:19","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T06:03:19","slug":"plc-programmable-logic-controller-for-industrial-automation-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/vi\/glossary\/plc-programmable-logic-controller-for-industrial-automation-guide","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n logic kh\u1ea3 tr\u00ecnh (PLC) cho t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"What<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u25b6 Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng ng\u00e0y nay, B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh (PLC)<\/strong> v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t PLC l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o<\/strong>, th\u1ef1c thi logic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh<\/strong>, and \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, PLC \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng r\u01a1-le n\u1ed1i d\u00e2y c\u1ee9ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng cao, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u00f4ng minh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 PLCs<\/strong> \u2014 bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i module, nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u2014 nh\u1eb1m mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc cho k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, chuy\u00ean gia t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25b6 PLC l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh (PLC)<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia (NIST)<\/strong>, PLC l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra, logic, \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ebfm, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n PID, truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, PLC li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 qu\u00e9t<\/strong> bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n

  1. Qu\u00e9t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ecdc t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc.<\/p><\/li>\n\n\n\n

  2. Th\u1ef1c thi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Ch\u1ea1y logic \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a.<\/p><\/li>\n\n\n\n

  3. C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u ra:<\/strong> K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c r\u01a1-le.<\/p><\/li>\n\n\n\n

  4. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n:<\/strong> Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \"HOW<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u25b6 Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac PLC v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng PLC bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u module li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac gi\u00fap k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch<\/strong> nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a LINK-PP <\/strong>B\u1ed9 n\u1ed1i RJ45<\/strong><\/a>, <\/strong>B\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p LAN<\/strong><\/a>, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p <\/strong>b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t quang<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2666 C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n