{"id":4896,"date":"2025-09-26T11:12:00","date_gmt":"2025-09-26T11:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lp.szlogic.cn\/uncategorized\/common-mode-noise-in-ethernet-systems\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T09:04:14","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T09:04:14","slug":"common-mode-noise-in-ethernet-systems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/products\/common-mode-noise-in-ethernet-systems","title":{"rendered":"Bruit en mode commun : d\u00e9finition, causes et m\u00e9thodes d\u2019att\u00e9nuation dans les syst\u00e8mes Ethernet"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"712\" src=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/4f1f31dcf42b4eb48924d81973b5c7af.jpg\" alt=\"Common-Mode Noise\" class=\"wp-image-4891\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/4f1f31dcf42b4eb48924d81973b5c7af.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/4f1f31dcf42b4eb48924d81973b5c7af-300x178.jpg 300w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/4f1f31dcf42b4eb48924d81973b5c7af-1024x608.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/4f1f31dcf42b4eb48924d81973b5c7af-768x456.jpg 768w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/4f1f31dcf42b4eb48924d81973b5c7af-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" ><strong>\ud83d\udd04 <\/strong>Introduction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bruit en mode commun<\/strong> constitue un d\u00e9fi courant dans les syst\u00e8mes Ethernet et autres syst\u00e8mes num\u00e9riques haute vitesse. Il appara\u00eet lorsqu\u2019un bruit identique, en tension ou en courant, se manifeste sur les deux conducteurs d\u2019une paire par rapport \u00e0 la masse. S\u2019il n\u2019est pas att\u00e9nu\u00e9, il peut entra\u00eener <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/glossary\/what-is-electromagnetic-interference\/\"><strong>interf\u00e9rence \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique (IEM)<\/strong><\/a>, des \u00e9checs de conformit\u00e9 et une d\u00e9gradation de l\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 du signal. Cet article explique le concept, les causes, les m\u00e9thodes de mesure et les techniques de suppression du bruit en mode commun \u2014 avec un accent particulier sur la conception Ethernet et les <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.l-p.com\/store-17548-lan-transformer.htm\">transformateurs LAN LINK-PP<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >\ud83d\udd04 Qu\u2019est-ce que le bruit en mode commun ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le bruit en mode commun d\u00e9signe des signaux ind\u00e9sirables qui apparaissent <strong>en phase identique<\/strong> sur deux conducteurs par rapport \u00e0 la masse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Formule :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"404\" src=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/38069609f4834aabaa23e45eed593ba2.webp\" alt=\"Common-Mode Noise\" class=\"wp-image-4892\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/38069609f4834aabaa23e45eed593ba2.webp 1200w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/38069609f4834aabaa23e45eed593ba2-300x101.webp 300w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/38069609f4834aabaa23e45eed593ba2-1024x345.webp 1024w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/38069609f4834aabaa23e45eed593ba2-768x259.webp 768w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/38069609f4834aabaa23e45eed593ba2-18x6.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En revanche, le signal utile en <strong>mode diff\u00e9rentiel<\/strong> est :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2307f84b96d14325b7b70a2cb8d821e0.webp\" alt=\"differential-mode Noise\" class=\"wp-image-4893\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2307f84b96d14325b7b70a2cb8d821e0.webp 1200w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2307f84b96d14325b7b70a2cb8d821e0-300x68.webp 300w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2307f84b96d14325b7b70a2cb8d821e0-1024x230.webp 1024w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2307f84b96d14325b7b70a2cb8d821e0-768x173.webp 768w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2307f84b96d14325b7b70a2cb8d821e0-18x4.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alors que les signaux en mode diff\u00e9rentiel transportent les donn\u00e9es, le bruit en mode commun repr\u00e9sente une interf\u00e9rence pouvant rayonner sous forme d\u2019EMI ou se coupler dans des circuits sensibles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >\ud83d\udd04 Mode diff\u00e9rentiel contre mode commun<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<colgroup><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/><col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Aspect<\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Mode diff\u00e9rentiel<\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Mode commun<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Signal<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Polarit\u00e9 oppos\u00e9e sur les conducteurs<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Polarit\u00e9 identique sur les deux conducteurs<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Objectif<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Transporte les donn\u00e9es<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Interf\u00e9rence ind\u00e9sirable<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Rayonnement<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Relativement faible<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u00c9lev\u00e9, les c\u00e2bles agissent comme des antennes<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>R\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Entre les lignes<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Par rapport \u00e0 la masse<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Att\u00e9nuation<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>Sym\u00e9trie de la paire, ma\u00eetrise de l\u2019imp\u00e9dance<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/glossary\/ethernet-common-mode-choke-cmc-guide\/\">Des filtres \u00e0 r\u00e9sonance commune<\/a>, isolation<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >\ud83d\udd04 Causes du bruit en mode commun<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p><strong>Couplage externe<\/strong>: Des circuits commut\u00e9s ou des c\u00e2bles voisins peuvent induire des perturbations \u00e9gales sur les deux lignes.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Diff\u00e9rences de potentiel de masse<\/strong>: Des masses syst\u00e8me non adapt\u00e9es cr\u00e9ent des d\u00e9calages en mode commun.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Conversion de mode<\/strong>: Un agencement ou un d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre au niveau du circuit d\u2019excitation convertit les signaux diff\u00e9rentiels en mode commun.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Capacit\u00e9 parasite<\/strong>: Le couplage ligne-ch\u00e2ssis aux hautes fr\u00e9quences favorise les fuites de courant.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >\ud83d\udd04 Pourquoi le bruit en mode commun est-il critique dans les syst\u00e8mes Ethernet ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p><strong>Conformit\u00e9<\/strong>: Des \u00e9missions excessives en mode commun peuvent faire \u00e9chouer les essais CEM\/EMI.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>La qualit\u00e9 du signal<\/strong>: Des niveaux \u00e9lev\u00e9s en mode commun r\u00e9duisent la capacit\u00e9 de rejet des r\u00e9cepteurs diff\u00e9rentiels.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Risque d\u2019interf\u00e9rences<\/strong>: Le bruit peut se coupler dans des circuits analogiques ou de commande voisins.<\/p><\/li><li><p><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/knowledge-center\/lan-transformer-isolation-voltage-explained\/\"><strong>Contrainte d\u2019isolation<\/strong><\/a>: En particulier dans les syst\u00e8mes PoE, le courant en mode commun peut solliciter les fronti\u00e8res d\u2019isolation.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >\ud83d\udd04 Mesure du bruit en mode commun<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"457\" src=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/056227254efc485ca072aa71a7ae704c.jpg\" alt=\"Measuring Common-Mode Noise\" class=\"wp-image-4894\" srcset=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/056227254efc485ca072aa71a7ae704c.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/056227254efc485ca072aa71a7ae704c-300x114.jpg 300w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/056227254efc485ca072aa71a7ae704c-1024x390.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/056227254efc485ca072aa71a7ae704c-768x292.jpg 768w, https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/056227254efc485ca072aa71a7ae704c-18x7.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p><strong>Sonde de courant \u00e0 pince + analyseur de spectre<\/strong>: D\u00e9tecte le courant total en mode commun sur les c\u00e2bles.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>LISN (r\u00e9seau de stabilisation d\u2019imp\u00e9dance de ligne)<\/strong>: S\u00e9pare et mesure les \u00e9missions conduites.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>M\u00e9thode d\u2019imp\u00e9dance de transfert<\/strong>: Convertit les mesures de la sonde en valeurs pr\u00e9cises de courant.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >\ud83d\udd04 Strat\u00e9gies d\u2019att\u00e9nuation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >Inductances de mode commun<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/glossary\/ethernet-common-mode-choke-cmc-guide\/\">Les inductances de mode commun (IMC)<\/a> pr\u00e9sentent une imp\u00e9dance \u00e9lev\u00e9e aux courants en mode commun tout en laissant passer les signaux Ethernet diff\u00e9rentiels, ce qui en fait le filtre le plus efficace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >Conception \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e du circuit imprim\u00e9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Longueurs de pistes appari\u00e9es, imp\u00e9dance contr\u00f4l\u00e9e et minimisation du skew r\u00e9duisent la conversion de mode.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >Blindage<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Utilisation de <strong>Paires torsad\u00e9es blind\u00e9es (STP)<\/strong> avec une mise \u00e0 la masse correcte du ch\u00e2ssis r\u00e9duisent le couplage capacitif.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >Isolation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.l-p.com\/store-17548-lan-transformer.htm\">Transformateurs LAN<\/a> assurent une s\u00e9paration galvanique et r\u00e9duisent le transfert en mode commun, bien que la capacit\u00e9 entre enroulements doive \u00eatre prise en compte dans les budgets EMI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >\ud83d\udd04 Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bruit en mode commun<\/strong> constitue une source majeure d\u2019EMI dans les conceptions Ethernet et PoE. Une suppression efficace n\u00e9cessite une combinaison de <strong>inductances de mode commun, agencements \u00e9quilibr\u00e9s du circuit imprim\u00e9, blindage et isolation<\/strong>. En exploitant les <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.l-p.com\/products\/443538.htm\">Transformateurs LAN<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.l-p.com\/products\/488807.htm\">magjacks RJ45 LINK-PP<\/a> dot\u00e9s de performances EMI optimis\u00e9es, les ing\u00e9nieurs peuvent garantir \u00e0 la fois la conformit\u00e9 r\u00e9glementaire et un fonctionnement robuste de l\u2019Ethernet. Une documentation claire des param\u00e8tres de compatibilit\u00e9 \u2014 tels que le d\u00e9bit de donn\u00e9es, le courant PoE nominal, les pertes d\u2019insertion et l\u2019isolation \u2014 simplifie davantage le choix des composants pour les clients.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" >\ud83d\udd04 Pour aller plus loin<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00e9couvrez d\u2019autres ressources techniques de LINK-PP :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><p><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/glossary\/insertion-loss-impact-on-rj45-magjack\/\">Impact des pertes d\u2019insertion sur les magjacks RJ45<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><p><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/knowledge-center\/emc-ems-emi-electromagnetic-compatibility-susceptibility-interference\/\">Compatibilit\u00e9 \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique \u2014 CEM, EMS, EMI<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><p><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/knowledge-center\/ieee-802-3-ethernet-standard-explained\/\">Explication de la norme Ethernet IEEE 802.3<\/a><\/p><\/li><li><p><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/glossary\/what-is-a-capacitor\/\">Qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019un condensateur<\/a><\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Comprenez le bruit en mode commun : ce qu\u2019il est, comment il affecte Ethernet\/EMI, et comment le supprimer \u00e0 l\u2019aide de composants magn\u00e9tiques et de filtres. Un guide pratique \u00e0 l\u2019attention des ing\u00e9nieurs.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4895,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[23],"class_list":["post-4896","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-products","tag-link-pp-lan-transformers"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4896","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4896"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4896\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11365,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4896\/revisions\/11365"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4895"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4896"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4896"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4896"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}