{"id":2469,"date":"2026-04-09T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-09T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lp.szlogic.cn\/glossary\/what-is-oeo-optical-electrical-optical\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T03:35:59","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T03:35:59","slug":"what-is-oeo-optical-electrical-optical","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/resourceslp.szlogic.cn\/ar\/glossary\/what-is-oeo-optical-electrical-optical","title":{"rendered":"\u0662\u0663.\u200f \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 OEO (\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a-\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a-\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a) \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"What<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0661. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0661\u0662. \u00abDWDM\u00bb<\/a> \u0662. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a)\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064e\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0646\u0651\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/a>, \u0663. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u064f\u0651\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u064f\u0651\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0662. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0664. \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (OEO)<\/strong> \u0665. \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0666. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (OEO) \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 (3R): \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0667. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a (DWDM)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064f\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 (DSP)\u060c \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0668. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u064f\u0651\u062a (DCM) \u0648 \u0669. \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0650\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0631 (EDFA)<\/a>\u0661\u0660. \u2014 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064d\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0661. \ud83d\udfe7 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0662. \u0625\u0646 OEO \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633.<\/strong> \u0661\u0663. \u0648\u064a\u0630\u0643\u064f\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a (DWDM) \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a TXP \u0648MXP \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (OEO)\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064e\u062c \u0639\u0645\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0664. OEO \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0665. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: OEO \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 (3R) \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064e\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627..<\/strong> \u0661.\u200f \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0662.\u200f \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a (OEO) \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0663.\u200f \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 OEO \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 DWDM, \uc2dc\u0633\u062a\u00e8mes OTN<\/a>, \u0664.\u200f \u0648\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627. \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0650\u0651\u0645 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u061b \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u064f\u0651\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u064f\u0651\u062a (DCM). \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0665.\u200f \ud83d\udfe7 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0666.\u200f \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644: \u0667.\u200f \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a<\/strong>. \u0668.\u200f \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0650\u0641 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 O-E-O\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062c\u062f\u0650\u0651\u062f \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"How<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0669.\u200f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0661: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0660.\u200f \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u0650\u0651\u062d \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 OEO \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0661.\u200f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0662: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0662.\u200f \u0648\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 R\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629: \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 (Reamplify)\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 (Reshape)\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a (Retime). \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0650\u0651\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u064b \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0663.\u200f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0663: \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0664.\u200f \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0641\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0665.\u200f \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0663\u0668. \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0661\u0666.\u200f \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0650\u0651\u0645 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a<\/a> \u0661. \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645 (EDFA) \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (OEO) \u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 OEO \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0662. \ud83d\udfe7 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 OEO \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 DWDM \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0663. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 OEO \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 DWDM \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 DWDM \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0652\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u064f\u0651\u062a \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u064f\u062c\u062f\u0650\u0651\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0629\u064b \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Why<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0664. \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0628\u0650\u0651\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0665. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u064f\u0651\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0650\u0651\u0631 OEO \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 DWDM \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0666. \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0667. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 OEO \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0668. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 OEO \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0669. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 OEO \u0630\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a DWDM \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u064f\u0645\u0650\u0651\u0645\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u0661. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0661\u0660. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0661. \ud83d\udfe7 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 OEO \u0648DCM \u0648EDFA: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0662. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0630\u0643\u064e\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0661\u0663. DCM<\/strong><\/a> \u0661\u0664. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u064f\u0651\u062a\u060c, \u0669. \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0650\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0631 (EDFA)<\/strong> \u0661\u0665. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0652\u0641\u060c \u0648 \u0661\u0666. OEO<\/strong> \u0661. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0641\u0635\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629 (DWDM) \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d: \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0636 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a (DCMs) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0650\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645 (EDFAs) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u064f\u062c\u062f\u0650\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a OEO \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"OEO<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0662. \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a (DCM): \u062a\u064f\u0635\u062d\u0650\u0651\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0663. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a (DCM) \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a (DCU) \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0664. \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645 (EDFA): \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0650\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0665. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645 (EDFA) \u0645\u064f\u0636\u062e\u0650\u0651\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062a EDFA \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629 (DWDM)\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0666. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (OEO): \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0667. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064e\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (OEO) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629 (DWDM) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 OEO \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0668. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n\n<\/colgroup>

\u0662\u0665. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629<\/p><\/th>

\u0661\u0666. OEO<\/strong><\/p><\/th>

\u0661\u0663. DCM<\/strong><\/p><\/th>

\u0669. \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0650\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0631 (EDFA)<\/strong><\/p><\/th><\/tr>

\u0669. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

\u0665\u0663.\u200f \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a-\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a-\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a<\/p><\/td>

\u0663\u0664. \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a<\/p><\/td>

\u0661\u0660. \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

\u0661\u0661. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

\u0661\u0662. \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 (3R: \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a)<\/p><\/td>

\u0661\u0663. \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a<\/p><\/td>

\u0661\u0664. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

\u0661\u0665. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

\u0661\u0666. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a)<\/p><\/td>

\u0661\u0667. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a (\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064f\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0629)<\/p><\/td>

\u0661\u0668. \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 (\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629)<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

\u0661\u0669. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

\u0662\u0660. \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a + \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/p><\/td>

\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/p><\/td>

\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

\u0662\u0661. \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

\u0662\u0662. \u0646\u0639\u0645 (\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u2192 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u2192 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a)<\/p><\/td>

\u0664\u0662. \u0644\u0627<\/p><\/td>

\u0664\u0662. \u0644\u0627<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

\u0664. \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p><\/td>

\u0662\u0663. \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629 (DWDM)<\/p><\/td>

\u0662\u0664. \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0663\u0662. \u0661\u0660 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a<\/a>\/\u0664\u0660. \u0664\u0660 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\/\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0662\u0665. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 DWDM<\/p><\/td>

\u0662\u0666. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a DWDM \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0662\u0667. \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064f\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 DCM \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 EDFA \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 OEO \u0643\u0644\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/strong> \u0662\u0668. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064e\u0645 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0662\u0669. \ud83d\udfe7 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 OEO \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0661. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0662. \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0662. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (OEO)\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 OEO \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f (DWDM) \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a TXP \u0648MXP \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 OEO\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"What<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0663. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a (Transceiver) \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 OEO \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0663\u0668. \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0664. \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d OEO \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 OEO \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0665. \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0666. \u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0641\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 OEO\u060c \u0641\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u062f\u064d \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0667. \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 OEO<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0668. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0641\u0641 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f (regenerator shelves)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 (transport cards)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f (DWDM)\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f OEO. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 DWDM \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0661\u0660\u0660 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\/\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 (OTU-4) \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b (back-to-back)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 OEO \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0641\u064e\u0651\u0630 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0669. \ud83d\udfe7 \u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 OEO \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0660. \u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 (DSP)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 (DSP) \u064a\u0637\u0628\u0650\u0651\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a (DCMs) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Is<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0661. \u0623\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 OEO<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0661. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a (DWDM) \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 (DSP) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u064f\u0651\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a (PMD).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0662. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648-\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a (OEO) \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0650 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0663. \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648-\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a (OEO) \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0647\u062a\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648-\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a (OEO) \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0664. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0665. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 (coherent DSP)\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0641. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648-\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a (OEO) \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648-\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a (OEO) \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0666. \ud83d\udfe7 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648-\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a (OEO)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0667. \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648-\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a (OEO) \u0647\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0650\u0641 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648-\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a (OEO) \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Benefits<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0668. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0669. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648-\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a (OEO) \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0661\u0660. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0661. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 (DSP) \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Juniper \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 (DSP) \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0662. \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0628<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0663. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 DWDM \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0664. \ud83d\udfe7 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629: \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0665. OEO (\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a-\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a-\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a)<\/strong> \u0666. \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 DWDM \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a (DCM) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645 (EDFA): \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Cisco \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0643\u0644\u064d\u0651 \u0645\u0646 Juniper \u0648Nokia \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u0644\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0629 (coherent DSP) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"OEO<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0667. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 OEO \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u064f\u062b\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 (DSP). \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064c\u0651 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0668. \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0643 DWDM \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641\u061f \u0669. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0666\u0665. \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0631 LINK-PP \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/a> \u0661\u0660. \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0663\u0666. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0661\u0661. \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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